Construct, Merge, Solve and Adapt: Application to the repetition-free longest common subsequence problem

In this paper we present the application of a recently proposed, general, algorithm for combinatorial optimization to the repetition-free longest common subsequence problem. The applied algorithm, which is labelled Construct, Merge, Solve & Adapt, generates sub-instances based on merging the solution components found in randomly constructed solutions. These sub-instances are subsequently solved by means of an exact solver. Moreover, the considered sub-instances are dynamically changing due to adding new solution components at each iteration, and removing existing solution components on the basis of indicators about their usefulness. The results of applying this algorithm to the repetition-free longest common subsequence problem show that the algorithm generally outperforms competing approaches from the literature. Moreover, they show that the algorithm is competitive with CPLEX for small and medium size problem instances, whereas it outperforms CPLEX for larger problem instances.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

PROBABILITAS MEKANISME SMALL CLAIM COURT DALAM PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA WARIS DI PENGADILAN AGAMA

Hukum acara formil yang berlaku di Pengadilan Agama dalam menyelesaikan sengketa waris relatif memakan waktu yang cukup lama. Hal ini mengakibatkan waktu serta biaya yang dikeluarkan menjadi lebih besar. Mekanisme small claim court yang diatur oleh Mahkamah Agung melalui PERMA No. 2 tahun 2015 tentang tata cara penyelesaian sengketa sederhana dalam sistem peradilan umum menjadi titik terang. Konsep small claim court tersebut diharapkan dapat diaplikasikan dalam sistem peradilan agama sehingga mampu memangkas waktu yang lama dalam penyelesaian sengketa waris di Pengadilan Agama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menawarkan terobosan baru dalam sistem peradilan agama di Indonesia khususnya terkait penyelesaian sengketa waris. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual dengan menggunakan studi kepustakaan sebagai alat analisis bahan hukum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyelesaian sengketa waris di Pengadilan Agama dengan konsep small claim court dipandang mungkin untuk diimplementasikan sebagai bagian dari pembaharuan hukum acara peradilan agama. Namun demikian, hal itu perlu diiringi dengan pengklasifikasian perkara waris ke dalam perkara besar dan kecil dilihat dari nilai harta warisan yang disengketakan. Oleh karenanya, perluasan pengaturan mekanisme small claim court ke dalam sistem peradilan agama menjadi penting guna memangkas mekanisme penyelesaian perkara yang terlalu lama.The formal procedural law that applies in the Religious Courts in resolving inheritance disputes takes a relatively long time. This results in greater time and costs. The small claim court mechanism regulated by the Supreme Court through Supreme Court Regulation No. 2 of 2015 concerning the procedure for resolving simple disputes in the general justice system to become a bright spot. The concept of small claim court is expected to be applied in the religious justice system so that it can cut down the long time in resolving inheritance disputes in the Religious Courts. This study aims to offer a new breakthrough in the system of religious justice in Indonesia, especially in relation to the resolving of inheritance disputes. This research is a normative juridical research with a law and conceptual approach by using literature study as a legal material analysis tool. The results showed that the resolving of dispute of inheritance in the Religious Court with the small claim court concept was considered possible to be implemented as part of the renewal of the religious court procedural law. However, this needs to be accompanied by the classification of inheritance cases into large and small cases seen from the value of the disputed inheritance. Therefore, the expansion of the small claim court mechanism into the religious justice system is deemed necessary in order to reduce the mechanism for resolving cases that are too long

PROBABILITAS MEKANISME SMALL CLAIM COURT DALAM PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA WARIS DI PENGADILAN AGAMA

PROBABILITAS MEKANISME SMALL CLAIM COURT DALAM PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA WARIS DI PENGADILAN AGAM

Transformasi cerita panji dalam masyarakat Jawa : Stdi berdasarkan perspektif kajian resepsi Sastra Jaussian

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: 1) mengungkapkan keberadaan eerita Panji di Kediri Jawa Timur dan niIai kearifan IokaI yang terkandung di dalamnya; dan 2) mengidentifikasi bentuk-bentuk seni dan budaya yang terinspirasi lahir sebagai akibat masyarakat pembaea meresepsi eerita Panji. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif tekstual dan ditriangulasi dengan field research. Adapun perspektif yang digunakan adalah perspektif resepsi sastra. Adapun unit analisis yang digunakan eerita Panji dan resepsi masyarakat pembaca ideal (seniman, kritikus sastra, pemerhati sastra, atau budayawan) yang ada yang menulis tentang eerita Panji. Data penelitian diperoleh dengan strategi pemerolehan data yang lebih dominan metode pendokumentasian, dilengkapi dengan rnetode observasi. Teknik yang digunakan adalah perekarnan, peneatatan, dan pengamatan. Ternuan penelitian ini adalah: Pertama, eerita Panji dalam pandangan pernbaea ideal merupakan eerita sumber yang memiliki peran penting bagi pengembangall seni dan budaya dalam masyarakat Jawa. Cerita Panji ini dipandang sebagai eerita yang luar biasa, memiliki penyebaran yang luas, diakui sebagai budaya Panji! ditransformasi ke dalam berbagai seni dan budaya, memiliki banyak varian seni dan budaya, dan mengandung pesan dan nilai kearifan loka1. Cerita Panji ini dipopulerkan dalam masa Kerajaan Majapahit, dan rnenurut pembaea ideal mengandung nilai kesejarahan, edukatif, kepahlawanan, keteladanan, ekologis, morat politis, kearifan loka!, dan sebagainya. Nilai itu ada dalam eerita Panji dan juga dalam karya transforrnasinya, varian-varian eerita Panji, dan area atau relief yang berkisah tentang Panji. Cerita Panji mi, telah sebagai ekspor budaya dan memiliki pengaruh dalam pengembangan budaya. Dalam masyarakat asal eerita ini yakni Kediri memang tidak terjadi pewarisan budaya yang signifikan, namun justru dlketahui banyak pembaca luar Kediri khususnya para sarjana dan pembaca ideal yang menaruh perhatian besar pada eerita Panji mi. Kedua, bentuk-bentuk seni dan budaya yang terinspirasi lahir sebagai akibat masyarakat pembaea meresepsi eerita Panji, bentuknya berrnaearn-maeam. Ada yang berbentuk karya sastra (eerita rakyat dan sastra klasik), karya seni relief di Candicandi, karya seni tari, karya seni pertunjukan (wayang dan pementasan), dan seni lukis. Dari berbagai bentuk seni nini, pada masing-masing bentuk seni itu juga terdapat banyak nama karya seni dan budaya. Belum lagi apabila dilihat varian dari masing-masing nama seni dan budaya itu, jumlahnya akan sangat banyak. Dari hasH identifikasi bentuk-bentuk seni dan budaya ini diketahui bahwa cerita Panji itu membawa pengaruh yang sangat besar, menginspirasi para seniman dan budayawan untuk berkarya sehingga eerita Panji dia nggap sebagai induk eerita yang hertransformasi dalam skup dunia kesenian dan kebudayaan yang sangat luas

Sequence Specific Motor Performance Gains after Memory Consolidation in Children and Adolescents

Memory consolidation for a trained sequence of finger opposition movements, in 9- and 12-year-old children, was recently found to be significantly less susceptible to interference by a subsequent training experience, compared to that of 17-year-olds. It was suggested that, in children, the experience of training on any sequence of finger movements may affect the performance of the sequence elements, component movements, rather than the sequence as a unit; the latter has been implicated in the learning of the task by adults. This hypothesis implied a possible childhood advantage in the ability to transfer the gains from a trained to the reversed, untrained, sequence of movements. Here we report the results of transfer tests undertaken to test this proposal in 9-, 12-, and 17-year-olds after training in the finger-to-thumb opposition sequence (FOS) learning task. Our results show that the performance gains in the trained sequence partially transferred from the left, trained hand, to the untrained hand at 48-hours after a single training session in the three age-groups tested. However, there was very little transfer of the gains from the trained to the untrained, reversed, sequence performed by either hand. The results indicate sequence specific post-training gains in FOS performance, as opposed to a general improvement in performance of the individual, component, movements that comprised both the trained and untrained sequences. These results do not support the proposal that the reduced susceptibility to interference, in children before adolescence, reflects a difference in movement syntax representation after training

The TopClosure® 3S System, for skin stretching and a secure wound closure

The principle of stretching wound margins for primary wound closure is commonly practiced and used for various skin defects, leading at times to excessive tension and complications during wound closure. Different surgical techniques, skin stretching devices and tissue expanders have been utilized to address this issue. Previously designed skin stretching devices resulted in considerable morbidity. They were invasive by nature and associated with relatively high localized tissue pressure, frequently leading to necrosis, damage and tearing of skin at the wound margins. To assess the clinical effectiveness and performance and, to determine the safety of TopClosure® for gradual, controlled, temporary, noninvasive and invasive applications for skin stretching and secure wound closing, the TopClosure® device was applied to 20 patients for preoperative skin lesion removal and to secure closure of a variety of wound sizes. TopClosure® was reinforced with adhesives, staples and/or surgical sutures, depending on the circumstances of the wound and the surgeon’s judgment. TopClosure® was used prior to, during and/or after surgery to reduce tension across wound edges. No significant complications or adverse events were associated with its use. TopClosure® was effectively used for preoperative skin expansion in preparation for dermal resection (e.g., congenital nevi). It aided closure of large wounds involving significant loss of skin and soft tissue by mobilizing skin and subcutaneous tissue, thus avoiding the need for skin grafts or flaps. Following surgery, it was used to secure closure of wounds under tension, thus improving wound aesthetics. A sample case study will be presented. We designed TopClosure®, an innovative device, to modify the currently practiced concept of wound closure by applying minimal stress to the skin, away from damaged wound edges, with flexible force vectors and versatile methods of attachment to the skin, in a noninvasive or invasive manner

Screen or not to screen for peripheral arterial disease: Guidance from a decision model

__Abstract__ Background: Asymptomatic Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) is associated with greater risk of acute cardiovascular events. This study aims to determine the cost-effectiveness of one time only PAD screening using Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) test and subsequent anti platelet preventive treatment (low dose aspirin or clopidogrel) in individuals at high risk for acute cardiovascular events compared to no screening and no treatment using decision analytic modelling. Methods. A probabilistic Markov model was developed to evaluate the life time cost-effectiveness of the strategy of selective PAD screening and consequent preventive treatment compared to no screening and no preventive treatment. The analysis was conducted from the Dutch societal perspective and to address decision uncertainty, probabilistic sensitivity analysis was performed. Results were based on average values of 1000 Monte Carlo simulations and using discount rates of 1.5% and 4% for effects and costs respectively. One way sensitivity analyses were performed to identify the two most influential model parameters affecting model outputs. Then, a two way sensitivity analysis was conducted for combinations of values tested for these two most influential parameters. Results: For the PAD screening strategy, life years and quality adjusted life years gained were 21.79 and 15.66 respectively at a lifetime cost of 26,548 Euros. Compared to no screening and treatment (20.69 life years, 15.58 Quality Adjusted Life Ye

Humanin, a Cytoprotective Peptide, Is Expressed in Carotid Artherosclerotic Plaques in Humans

The mechanism of atherosclerotic plaque progression leading to instability, rupture, and ischemic manifestation involves oxidative stress and apoptosis. Humanin (HN) is a newly emerging endogenously expressed cytoprotective peptide. Our goal was to determine the presence and localization of HN in carotid atherosclerotic plaques.Plaque specimens from 34 patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy were classified according to symptomatic history. Immunostaining combined with digital microscopy revealed greater expression of HN in the unstable plaques of symptomatic compared to asymptomatic patients (29.42±2.05 vs. 14.14±2.13% of plaque area, p<0.0001). These data were further confirmed by immunoblot (density of HN/β-actin standard symptomatic vs. asymptomatic 1.32±0.14 vs. 0.79±0.11, p<0.01). TUNEL staining revealed a higher proportion of apoptotic nuclei in the plaques of symptomatic patients compared to asymptomatic (68.25±3.61 vs. 33.46±4.46% of nuclei, p<0.01). Double immunofluorescence labeling revealed co-localization of HN with macrophages (both M1 and M2 polarization), smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, and dendritic cells as well as with inflammatory markers MMP2 and MMP9.The study demonstrates a higher expression of HN in unstable carotid plaques that is localized to multiple cell types within the plaque. These data support the involvement of HN in atherosclerosis, possibly as an endogenous response to the inflammatory and apoptotic processes within the atheromatous plaque

Identifying Alternative Hyper-Splicing Signatures in MG-Thymoma by Exon Arrays

BACKGROUND: The vast majority of human genes (>70%) are alternatively spliced. Although alternative pre-mRNA processing is modified in multiple tumors, alternative hyper-splicing signatures specific to particular tumor types are still lacking. Here, we report the use of Affymetrix Human Exon Arrays to spot hyper-splicing events characteristic of myasthenia gravis (MG)-thymoma, thymic tumors which develop in patients with MG and discriminate them from colon cancer changes. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We combined GO term to parent threshold-based and threshold-independent ad-hoc functional statistics with in-depth analysis of key modified transcripts to highlight various exon-specific changes. These denote alternative splicing in MG-thymoma tumors compared to healthy human thymus and to in-house and Affymetrix datasets from colon cancer and healthy tissues. By using both global and specific, term-to-parent Gene Ontology (GO) statistical comparisons, our functional integrative ad-hoc method allowed the detection of disease-relevant splicing events. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Hyper-spliced transcripts spanned several categories, including the tumorogenic ERBB4 tyrosine kinase receptor and the connective tissue growth factor CTGF, as well as the immune function-related histocompatibility gene HLA-DRB1 and interleukin (IL)19, two muscle-specific collagens and one myosin heavy chain gene; intriguingly, a putative new exon was discovered in the MG-involved acetylcholinesterase ACHE gene. Corresponding changes in spliceosome composition were indicated by co-decreases in the splicing factors ASF/SF(2) and SC35. Parallel tumor-associated changes occurred in colon cancer as well, but the majority of the apparent hyper-splicing events were particular to MG-thymoma and could be validated by Fluorescent In-Situ Hybridization (FISH), Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) and mass spectrometry (MS) followed by peptide sequencing. Our findings demonstrate a particular alternative hyper-splicing signature for transcripts over-expressed in MG-thymoma, supporting the hypothesis that alternative hyper-splicing contributes to shaping the biological functions of these and other specialized tumors and opening new venues for the development of diagnosis and treatment approaches